The Effect of Immunization Education on Vaccine Uptake Among Mothers in Kwara State
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Background of the Study
Immunization is one of the most effective public health interventions in preventing childhood diseases such as measles, polio, and diphtheria (WHO, 2024). However, vaccine hesitancy remains a challenge in Nigeria, particularly in northern states, where misinformation, cultural beliefs, and healthcare access issues persist (Ibrahim & Yusuf, 2024).
Immunization education programs aim to address these concerns by increasing maternal awareness and understanding of vaccines, their benefits, and potential side effects. These programs are delivered through healthcare facilities, mass media, and community outreach initiatives. Despite these efforts, vaccine uptake among mothers in Kwara State remains inconsistent, necessitating a critical evaluation of immunization education’s impact on vaccination rates.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the availability of free vaccines under Nigeria’s Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI), many children remain unvaccinated due to maternal hesitancy, misinformation, and logistical barriers (Ogunbanjo & Bello, 2024).
A critical issue is the spread of false information regarding vaccine safety, which discourages mothers from immunizing their children. Additionally, some mothers lack access to proper immunization education, leading to incomplete or missed vaccinations. This study investigates how immunization education influences vaccine uptake among mothers in Kwara State.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess the level of maternal awareness regarding childhood immunization.
- To examine the relationship between immunization education and vaccine uptake.
- To identify challenges affecting immunization education programs.
Research Questions
- What is the level of awareness about childhood immunization among mothers in Kwara State?
- How does immunization education influence vaccine uptake?
- What barriers hinder the effectiveness of immunization education programs?
Research Hypotheses
- Immunization education has no significant effect on vaccine uptake among mothers.
- Misinformation does not significantly affect maternal decisions on immunization.
- Improving immunization education will increase vaccine acceptance.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on mothers in Kwara State and their awareness and attitudes toward childhood immunization. Limitations include reliance on self-reported data and potential recall bias.
Definitions of Terms
- Immunization Education: Public health programs aimed at informing individuals about the benefits of vaccines.
- Vaccine Uptake: The rate at which individuals receive recommended vaccines.
- Vaccine Hesitancy: Reluctance or refusal to vaccinate despite vaccine availability.
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